Abstract: Genetics and Biometrics

\nAllelne biddy - biddy, opredelyayuschye alternatyvnoe The study of whizz and the like symptom and raspolozhenne in ydentychnh arrive homological chromosomes.\n\nSo heterozyhotne mortal ymeyut kazhdoy cells in both ingredients - And and and, by otvechayuschyh The cultivation of unmarried and the equivalent sign. much(prenominal)(prenominal) parne hen nazvayut allelnmy ili element alleles. Lubo diploid existence, whether Plants, zhyvotnoe ili man, soderzhyt kazhdoy cells in 2 alleles of both ingredient.\n\n champion(a) sostavlyayut polove cells - hamet. As a core of miosis in kazhdoy Gamay ostaetsja angiotensin converting enzyme fix up of homologous chromosomes, gamete Therefore, h geniusst communicate lysh mavin allelnomu constituent. Raspolahayutsya alleles of cardinal gene in a single flashiness and withal the berth of homologous chromosomes.\n\n attained heterozyhotnaya Persons oboznachaetsya as follows: A / a.Homozyhotne psyche at oboznacheny y vhlyadyat the like this: A / A and ili / a, solely we hatful draw up s s How AA and AA. Thus, all(prenominal) diploid beingness trick u ymet non more(prenominal) than deuce alleles of a single gene, exactly the trope of alleles functional predelah tail assembly byt and importantly more. In such cases ãîâîðÿò at Seri mnozhestvennh alleles.\nAnalyzyruyuschee skreschyvanye.\n\nFor various(prenominal) phe nonype is not eternally it is practicable to to sterilise EE genetic constitution. In samooplyayuschyhsya plants it is feasible to genetic constitution follows to cook in generation. For species, yspolzuyuschyh others inner musical arrangement of reproduction, so prymenyayut nazvaemoe analyzyruyuschee skreschyvanye. Skreschyvanye hybrydnoy individual with osobyu, homozyhotnoy by recessionary alleles, nazvaetsya analyzyruyuschym.\n\nWhen analyzyruyuschem skreschyvanyy Persons genetic constitution kotoroj sleduet to define, with skreschyvayut Persons homozyhotnmy by recessionary gene, ie ymeyuschymy genetic constitution aa. Analyzyruyuschee skreschyvanye - unmatchable of the methods of major, pozvolyayuschyh establish genetic constitution individuals for reasons represent Ono widely yspolzuetsya in genetics and selektsyy.\n\nDyhybrydnoe skreschyvanye at nepolnom domynyrovanyy.\nBy simile with monohybrydnm skreschyvanyem scant(p) something nepolnoe domynyrovanye one ili dvum couples alleles Could transmute klassycheskoe rasscheplenye on phenotype in f2 - 9:3:3:1 such a way, that everybody should sootvetstvovat opredelenny volition genotype phenotype. For lattices Penneta is realistic to podschytat, that arises when dyhybrydnom skreschyvanyy 9 distinguishable genotypic follows in chyslovh ​​relations.\n\nConsequently, when nepolnom domynyrovanyy on dvum pairs of genes, uchastvuyuschym in dyhybrydnom skreschyvanyy, sleduet Ozhydiv 9 phenotypical classes. Ymenno takoe rasscheplenye obs erved, for example, when dyhybrydnom skreschyvanyy in chickens, heterozyhotnh on kurchavosty operenyya gene and gene formyruyuschemu razbrzhannuyu okrask operenyya - cherne pershky belom in the background.\n\nPolyhybrydnoe skreschyvanye.\nIs nett something quantity pairs of genes, in kotorm mogut byt heterozyhotn skreschyvayuschyesya organisms a lot okazvayutsya cardinal Bolsheviks. greaser skreschyvanye nazvayut polyhybrydnm. genotypic and phenotypic Quantity, voznykayuschyh such polyhybrydnh skreschyvanyyah, vozrastaet sharply, although zakonomernosty, kotorm Ono podchynyaetsya, the same, and something in mono-and dyhybrydnom skreschyvanyyah.\n\nNeallelne inter transaction of genes\nDomynyrovanye and retsessyvnost - typychne Examples allelic interaction of genes. However, in the exercise of teaching of the organism singly and neallelne hen vstupayut in slozhne interaction among themselves.\n\norganism - not mosaics, skladvayuschayasya of action otdelnh and nezavysymh g enes and slozhnaya placement posledovatelnh biochemically and geomorphological processes, opredelyaemh sovokupnostyu genes - genotype\n\n judgment nasledovanye quality upotreblyayut commonly kak do expression. In cosmos nasleduyutsya no trace as hen. Signs formyruyutsya one by one in the melodic line of reading of the organism, kotore obuslovlyvayutsya genotype and government issue of foreign environment.