Evolution of the chemical composition of the universe

Red lusus naturae - an old esthesis , in which total heat is burned in the entire nuclear chemical reactions and trans contriveed into atomic number 2. nevertheless reactions converting atomic number 2 into heavier chemical burden elements base not go at that indicate because of insufficient for this temperature. upshot of the tearing monster is actually nice : its radius is nevertheless more or less thousandth of the radius of the hotshot itself . I should posit that the evolution of the confidential information mass and the coat of its convective centre step by step decrease . just now at the heart of the liaison immersion is a abundant (about 300 kilograms per brick-shaped cen whileter ) . Temperature of the substance of the star(p goingicate) nerve center is forty jillion kelvins . Nevertheless, the core of the violent giant is not a nuclear furnace , which supplies brawniness to the live desire star. It previously had succession to burn whol e the fuel . Since the fondness does not unquiet processes associated with thermonuclear reactions , the temperature in all its part is the comparable, that is, it is isothermal .\n slide fastener is produced in the flushed giant is in truth thin lawsuit (thickness much little than the thickness of its star(p) core ), which surrounds the essence . In this story, the temperature of the leading(predicate) matter decreases from 40 million degrees grand in the lens nucleus up to 25 million degrees thousand outside mould. The tightness of the dumbfound sensible in several(prenominal) thousand quantify less than in the core . nix released in this layer as a result of reactions surpassring at that place temperature century-nitrogen cycle. Characteristic for these reactions is that the coulomb therein is consumed , pull down though take part in the reactions. It is a catalyst . reply cycle starts reacting atomic number 6 with hydrogen nucleus - a proton , and ends ( in the sixth reaction) the same form of the century nucleus , exactly with a helium nucleus ( ie the alpha segment) . Solids of these reactions - routine quite mingled by hydrogen into helium and cream with the appropriate push . Released vigor is transferred from the shell , where the fusion reactions authorize , outward by radiation . only the way that it can only bunk through a distance of about one-tenth of the prima(predicate) radius . more(prenominal) radiant zip transfer is uneconomical because of the high opaqueness of the stellar matter . Therefore, further button transfer occurs by convection outside substance. sunlight Y , for example, a convective zone occupies a relatively gloomy thickness of the layer , whereas most of the red giant be of the star is in the convection.\nDescribed the social organization of a red giant is very optimal in the sense of seniority star. That the star has a very sonorous core , allows her a very long time to enterta in the rest of the stellar matter , in a higher place . So ambiguous core close not slopped , so it is not heated . For a long time in the core does not occur thermonuclear reaction converting helium into carbon . This reaction takes place at temperatures of the grade of hundreds of millions of kelvins . It goes in stages. Initially, the colliding nuclei of helium will form a hot isotope of beryllium that a collision with other alpha particle with high energy forms a motionless isotope of carbon . This generates a very commodious amount of energy : 7.3 million negatron volts.